风门执行器——需要了解的内容（中英文）

风阀执行器（有时也称为风门电机）是 HVAC 系统中用于控制风门开启和关闭的部件。风门是一个小型阀门或板，用于调节系统内的气流。没有风门执行器，就无法提供移动风门所需的力。

风门及其配套的风门执行器组合用于各种工业系统，但在 HVAC 领域最为常见。电动、气动或液压机构均可用于操作风门执行器，并能够高度精确地控制气流。

The damper actuator – also called damper motor in some cases – is the HVAC component used to control the opening and closing of the damper. The damper is a small valve or plate that helps to regulate airflow within a system. Without the damper actuator, there is no way to provide the necessary force to move the damper.

The combination of a damper and its associated damper actuator is used in a variety of industrial systems, but it is most common in the HVAC world. Electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic mechanisms can all be used to operate the damper actuator, and it enables highly precise control over the flow of air.

温度和空气质量都可以通过 HVAC 风门执行器进行控制：

它可以控制新鲜空气（室外）和循环空气的混合

它可以根据需要保持、升高或降低温度

它可以控制湿度水平

Temperature and air quality can both be influenced through an HVAC damper actuator:

It can control the mixture of fresh (outside) and recycled air

It can maintain, raise, or lower the temperature as desired

It can control humidity levels

暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器如何工作？

How Does an HVAC Damper Actuator Work?

风门执行器根据控制系统的信号移动，控制系统根据建筑物内的温度设定或气流需求，提供风门的优选位置信息。在执行器内部，控制信号被转换为必要的运动。

风门执行器持续监测控制信号，以便风门能够根据环境变化随时移动。在某些情况下，甚至还设有手动超控功能，以便技术人员可以绕过自动控制系统直接打开或关闭风门。

暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器通常配备限位开关和故障安全功能。这些功能有助于防止风门在异常运行条件下甚至系统其他部件发生故障时受损。例如，执行器可以设计为在丢失控制信号时返回安全位置。

The damper actuator moves in response to a signal from a control system, which provides information on the preferred position for the damper in response to temperature settings or airflow requirements in the building. Inside the actuator, the control signal is translated into the necessary movement.

The damper actuator continues to monitor for control signals so the damper can move at any time in response to changes in the conditions. In some cases, there are even manual override functions so that a technician can directly open or close the damper while bypassing the automatic control system.

Limit switches and fail-safe features are often incorporated into an HVAC damper actuator. These help to keep the damper from getting damaged during unusual operating conditions or even when the rest of the system is failing. For example, the actuator might be designed to return to a safe position if it loses the control signal.

暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器的类型

Types of HVAC Damper Actuators

虽然目前最常见的 HVAC 风门执行器是电动执行器，但也存在其他几种类型。其他类型的风门执行器各有优缺点。如果有人在现场遇到其他类型的风门执行器，很可能它是专门为满足系统需求而设计的。

最常见的 HVAC 风门执行器类型包括：

Although the most common HVAC damper actuator these days is the electric type, several others exist. The other varieties of damper actuators all have their own pros and cons. If you encounter another kind of damper actuator in the field, odds are good it was designed a certain way on purpose to serve the system’s needs.

The most common types of HVAC damper actuators include:

电动暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器

Electric HVAC Damper Actuators

电动暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器以使用电动机控制风门的开启和关闭而闻名。电动机在接收到控制信号后产生适当的旋转力。通常的设计采用齿轮系将旋转力转化为精确移动到所需位置的移动。

Electric HVAC damper actuators are known for using an electric motor to control the opening and closing of the damper. The electric motor generates the appropriate rotational force after receiving a control signal. The usual design employs a gear train to convert the rotational force into the precise movement to the desired position.

气动 HVAC 风门执行器

Pneumatic HVAC Damper Actuators

压缩空气作为气动 HVAC 风门执行器的动力。空气压力驱动隔膜或活塞，使其移动，并将移动传递至执行器。可调节空气量，以精确控制执行器的运动。

Compressed air acts as the motive force in the pneumatic HVAC damper actuator. The pressure of the air drives the diaphragm or piston, moving it, and the movement is transferred to the actuator. The amount of air can be moderated to deliver precise control over the actuator’s movement.

液压暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器

Hydraulic HVAC Damper Actuators

液压暖通空调 (HVAC) 风门执行器最不常见，但更常见于大型系统中。液压泵用于在封闭系统内对流体加压，从而驱动机械部件——最常见的是活塞。控制信号打开或关闭执行器内的阀门，以控制运动。

The hydraulic HVAC damper actuator is the least typical and is more likely to be seen within the largest scale systems. A hydraulic pump is used to pressurize fluid within a closed system, moving the mechanical parts – a piston is most common. Control signals open or close valves within the actuator to control the movement.

风门执行器维护和故障排除

Damper Actuator Maintenance and Damper Actuator Troubleshooting

与其他常规暖通空调 (HVAC) 维护或商用压缩机维护相比，风门执行器的维护技巧并没有什么特别之处。首先，务必检查执行器，以便在腐蚀、磨损和其他问题影响性能之前发现它们。

定期按照制造商说明润滑零件，以防止摩擦造成损坏。每季度或每年两次校准执行器，以确保其持续对控制系统的信号做出适当的响应。可能需要仔细检查校准情况并清洁反馈传感器。

定期检查过滤器，确保流体或空气清洁，如果使用液压或气动执行器，则测试压力水平。请记住，就像系统中其他位置的暖通空调 (HVAC) 过滤器一样，任何执行器的过滤器都需要清洁或更换，并且应该确切地知道如何处理它们。

风门执行器是暖通空调 (HVAC) 系统的一个部件，如果它停止工作，可能会导致严重的问题。但是，如果诊断出问题后才发现实际上是暖通空调压缩机出了问题，该怎么办？在这种情况下，翻新商用压缩机是最佳选择。

使用翻新商用压缩机，比从原始设备制造商 (OEM) 关联批发商处购买全新暖通空调商用压缩机，可节省 10%、20% 甚至更多。购买一台可再用十年的设备，同时将新暖通空调压缩机的采购时间从数月缩短至数周。

Damper actuator maintenance tips are nothing too out of the ordinary compared to other forms of regular HVAC maintenance or HVAC commercial compressor maintenance. First and foremost, make sure you inspect the actuator so you can spot signs of corrosion, wear, and other problems before they impact performance.

Lubricate parts regularly according to manufacturer instructions to keep friction from causing damage. Calibrate the actuator on a quarterly or twice-annual basis to ensure it continues to respond appropriately to the signal from the control system. You may need to double-check alignment and clean off feedback sensors.

Regularly check the filters, ensure the fluid or air is clean, and test the pressure levels if you use a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator. Remember that, just like the HVAC filters elsewhere in the system, you will need to clean or replace any actuator filters and should know exactly how to handle them when the time comes.

The damper actuator is one component that can cause outsize problems with your HVAC system if it stops working. But what if you diagnose a problem only to discover it’s actually the HVAC compressor at fault? In cases like these, a remanufactured commercial compressor is your best bet.

With a remanufactured commercial compressor, you can enjoy a savings of 10%, 20%, or even more over the new HVAC commercial compressor cost from an OEM-affiliated wholesaler. You get a unit that’s ready for another decade while cutting your new HVAC compressor procurement time from months to weeks.